How to repot a plant: step-by-step guide
When it is needed, what pot and substrate to pick, how to minimize shock.
Updated on 2026-07-17 · 7 min
Repotting is one of the most important moments for a plant. Done right, it makes it explode with growth. Done wrong, it makes it decline for months. Here is how to do it right.
When to repot
Signals: roots emerging from drainage holes, substrate drying in 1–2 days, water running straight through without soaking, plant stopping growth. Ideal time: early spring.
What pot to choose
Diameter 4–5 cm bigger than the current one, never much more (rot risk). Drainage hole mandatory. Terracotta for species that love drying (succulents, snake plants), plastic for species that love steady moisture (calathea, ferns).
The right substrate
Generic potting mix works for 70% of plants. Add 20% perlite for airiness. For aroids (monstera, philodendron, pothos): 60% mix, 20% perlite, 20% orchid bark. For succulents: dedicated cactus mix.
The procedure
1. Water the plant 24 hours before. 2. Slide out the root ball by inverting the pot. 3. Loosen circling roots and cut rotten ones. 4. Put 2–3 cm of expanded clay at the bottom of the new pot. 5. Center the plant, fill the sides with fresh mix, gently press. 6. Water well and keep in shade for 5–7 days for recovery.
Frequently asked questions
Should I fertilize right after?
No: wait 4–6 weeks. Fresh mix already has nutrients.